How the Kumbh Mela Crowds are Counted

BY: JOANNA SUGDEN

Hindu priests and devotees performed evening rituals at the Maha Kumbh Mela
[Photo: Rajesh Kumar Singh/Associated Press]

Feb 08, 2013 — ALLAHABAD, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA (WALL ST. JOURNAL-INDIA) —

The Kumbh Mela is frequently billed as the world's largest religious gathering. Almost certainly true. But how can we know for sure? The two men with the challenge of counting up to an estimated 80 million people are divided on how to do it. They also come up with different numbers. They are Devesh Chaturvedi, the commissioner of Allahabad, and Alok Sharma, the inspector general of police in the city, which is hosting the Hindu festival.

The Commissioner reckons the number of pilgrims passing through the Kumbh Mela site on the banks of the Ganga between Jan. 14 and March 10 will end up somewhere between 60 to 80 million.

"On the biggest bathing day (Feb. 10) up to 15 million pilgrims will come over the 24-hour period," Mr. Chaturvedi says. "Most pilgrims come and stay in the Mela area for three to four hours, take a bath for 15 to 20 minutes and go back," he adds.

Members of the 13 main religious groupings, or akharas, at the festival are based in its tented city for two and a half months.

Mr. Sharma is more conservative in his estimates for the final total and dismisses claims that 100 million people will gather at this year's event. "That's like one third of America coming to this place," Mr. Sharma says. "It's not possible. It will be around 40 to 60million in the end."

Both men use different techniques for counting but agree neither method is scientific or water tight.

"We use thumb rules," says Mr. Sharma. His team positions counters at the entry points to the Mela area, which leads to the bathing ghats (banks). They calculate the maximum crowd capacity of 100 meters of road based on the assumption that each pilgrim will take up 1.5 square feet of ground. Then they measure the speed of the crowd by timing how long it takes a police officer to move 600 meters with the throng.

"The pace of crowd keeps changing depending on the density," the Inspector General adds.

Once they know how long it has taken the policeman to walk 600 meters they can work out how big a crowd has covered the same distance and how many people have passed. Vehicles arriving along the entry roads around Allahabad are counted manually and trains with up to 8,000 passengers each are also added to the total.

Mr. Chaturvedi has a different approach to the enormous population count. From a series of watch towers across the 14 sectors of the Mela site head-counters try to keep a tab on the number of pilgrims below. "It's not the most scientific way of doing it," Mr Chaturvedi says. "But that is the only estimate available to us."

This year for the first time the Mela is also being tracked using satellite imagery. "Based on the color of the images they are going to tell what is the density of human beings," Mr. Chaturvedi says.

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